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Space
2022-01-09 18:55:52

NASA plans to use solar power for deep-space missions

NASA планирует использовать солнечную энергию для миссий в дальнем космосе

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is going to use new technology to send a probe called Psyche into deep space. The mission is scheduled for August 2022, the device will explore the asteroid Psyche 16 (Psyche).

Edition MIT reports that the way in which the vehicle will reach its goal will be different from typical NASA missions.

The apparatus will help send solar power to deep space. Spacecraft now use chemical reactions of liquid fuel to travel in interplanetary space, but the new Psyche vehicle will use two large electric batteries, which will be charged by solar panels, to operate the engines. This combination will power the apparatus' four ion engines.

The electricity from solar power will convert xenon into ions that will push the spacecraft in orbit between Mars and Jupiter, a distance of about 2.5 billion kilometers from Earth.

Right now, spacecraft use solar power mainly to power instruments, not propel them. Psyche will be one of NASA's first deep-space missions to use solar power for both onboard operations and propulsion.

In the future, this mission could lay the groundwork for solar-powered space exploration, says Paulo Lozano, head of MIT's Space Propulsion Laboratory.

Such a method could prove more economical, and electrically-powered ships could carry more useful research equipment, and possibly astronauts in the future. The missions themselves could become longer.

If this mission proves successful, it could be the beginning of a new era of using more fuel-efficient probes for both space exploration and commercial missions, he believes.

Scientists note that solar propulsion systems are already common on satellites that orbit the Earth, but until now, such engines have not been a powerful enough alternative to chemically-powered engines. Satellites can run for years without generating fuel, but their engines provide low thrust compared to traditional space engines.

Researchers note that Psyche's thrust will be three times more powerful than its predecessors, and about a year after launch, the probe will get help from the gravitational pull of Mars. There the device will change its trajectory, and it will reach its goal in 2026.

Psyche will spend about two years orbiting the asteroid. The probe will study the iron core of the space body to see if it has the same elements found in the Earth's core. This will help scientists learn more about how planets are formed. The fact is that scientists believe the asteroid Psyche 16 is the core of a planet that failed to form.

One of the problems scientists will face when launching the Psyche probe is that the craft will move farther away from the Sun and receive less solar energy. Therefore, the vehicle will slow down as soon as it passes Mars.

Earlier in the run-up to the planned mission, NASA created an animation and shared it on its YouTube channel.

The video shows the probe approaching the asteroid and then flying through the canyons of Psyche 16. Scientists suggest that in addition to large reserves of iron and nickel, platinum and gold can also be found on the asteroid.



космос




Encyclopaedic reference
Космос - относительно пустые участки Вселенной, которые лежат вне границ атмосфер небесных тел.

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